Course Content
KM-01- Introduction to Java Programming
Module Code: 900102-000-00-KM-01 Credits: 2 Summary: This module introduces learners to the fundamentals of Java programming and basic computing concepts. It builds a strong foundation by covering essential topics such as how computers work, the Java environment, development tools, and core programming principles. Learners are also introduced to version control and the structure of Java programs, preparing them to begin writing, compiling, and managing simple applications.
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KM-02- Principles of Programming with Java
Module Code: 900102-000-00-KM-02 NQF Level : NQF Level 4 Credits: 6 Credits This module builds the learner’s understanding of the principles of programming with the Java programming language. It covers Java program structure, variables, data types, arrays, strings, classes, conditionals, loops, algorithms, exception handling, file systems, multithreading, and the programming life cycle.
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KM-03: Principles of Object-Oriented Programming with Java
his module introduces learners to the core principles and structure of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) using Java. Learners will explore how object-oriented concepts are used to design scalable, reusable, and maintainable software applications in modern software development environments. The module covers the foundational concepts of OOP, including classes, objects, methods, inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism, aggregation, association, and composition. Learners will also examine the advantages of applying object-oriented principles in real-world software projects and enterprise application development. Through theoretical understanding and contextual programming examples, learners will develop the ability to analyse object-oriented structures, identify relationships between objects, and apply OOP principles to solve programming problems effectively. This module supports learner progression into intermediate and advanced Java development by building strong foundational knowledge required for application development, GUI systems, REST APIs, enterprise systems, and software engineering workflows.
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KM-04- Principles of Intermediate Programming with Java
Module Code: 900102-000-00-KM-04 NQF Level: 4 Credits: 6 Curriculum Title: Java Programmer Curriculum Code: 900102-000-00-00 Module Summary This module focuses on building an understanding of the principles of intermediate programming with Java. Learners are introduced to more advanced Java concepts, including collections, generics, functional programming, concurrency, concurrent collections, and atomic operations.
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KM-05- REST API and Modularization
Module Code: 900102-000-00-KM-05 NQF Level: 4 Credits: 2 Module Summary The main focus of this knowledge module is to build an understanding of the functionalities of REST API and modularization and when to use them. Learners will develop knowledge of REST API concepts, functions, features, and implementation approaches used in Java applications. The module also introduces Java modularization concepts, including module structures, dependency management, encapsulation, and modern Java features such as Local Variable Type Inference, Switch Expressions, Text Blocks, and Records. The module prepares learners to understand modern Java application development practices and modular software design.
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PM-01- Getting Started with Java
Module Code: 900102-000-00-PM-01 NQF Level: 4 Credits: 3 Module Summary The main focus of this practical module is to introduce learners to the practical application of basic computer skills, Java installation and setup, Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), Java class creation, and Git commands. Learners will perform practical activities that involve setting up Java development environments, creating and running Java programs, navigating IDEs, and applying basic source code management practices using Git. The module prepares learners for practical Java software development activities in modern programming environments.
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PM-02- Programming with Java
Module code: 900102-000-00-PM-02 NQF Level: 4 Credits: 8 Module Summary This module introduces learners to practical Java programming skills used in software development. Learners develop the ability to create and run Java programs, work with variables and data types, use arrays and ArrayLists, create and manage classes and objects, and apply core programming concepts such as loops, conditionals, algorithms, exception handling, and multithreading. The module also covers string manipulation, file handling, wrapper classes, and the programming lifecycle used to develop complete software solutions. By the end of the module, learners will be able to design, write, test, and troubleshoot Java applications using structured programming techniques and object-oriented programming principles.
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PM-03- Object-Oriented Programming with Java
Module code: 900102-000-00-PM-03 NQF Level: 4 Credits: 4 Module Summary This practical module introduces learners to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) using Java. Learners will apply practical Java programming skills to design classes, create objects, apply inheritance, use constructors, manage object state, and develop reusable Java applications. The module focuses on practical implementation of OOP principles including: * encapsulation, * inheritance, * polymorphism, * and abstraction. Learners will also compile, execute, and organize Java programs correctly within Java file systems and directories. The module prepares learners for real-world Java software development environments through hands-on practical activities and problem-solving scenarios.
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PM-04- Intermediate Programming with Java
Module code: 900102-000-00-PM-04 NQF Level: 4 Credits: 6 Module Summary This practical module introduces learners to intermediate Java programming concepts and practical software development techniques using modern Java functionalities. Learners will apply Java collections, generics, functional programming concepts, and concurrency techniques to create efficient and scalable Java applications. The module focuses on practical implementation of: * Java collections and data structures, * generics and type safety, * functional programming using lambda expressions and streams, * and concurrent programming using synchronization and concurrent collections. Learners will develop hands-on Java applications that manage collections, process data functionally, and handle concurrent operations safely within multi-threaded environments. The module prepares learners for real-world Java software development by strengthening problem-solving abilities, improving software performance, and introducing enterprise-level programming techniques commonly used in modern Java applications.
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PM-05- Getting Started with REST API and Modularization
Module code: 900102-000-00-PM-05 NQF Level: 4 Credits: 4 Module Summary This practical module introduces learners to REST API development and Java modularization using modern Java technologies and frameworks. Learners will develop practical skills in connecting Java applications to databases, creating RESTful web services, implementing CRUD operations, and deploying databases using Docker. The module focuses on practical implementation of: * JDBC database connectivity, * REST API development using Java and Spring Boot, * CRUD operations using HTTP methods, * Docker containerization, * Java modularization, * and modern Java APIs. Learners will build practical Java applications that connect to MySQL databases, manage data using REST APIs, split applications into Java modules, and apply modern Java functionalities for cleaner and more scalable code. The module prepares learners for enterprise-level Java software development environments where REST APIs, modular applications, and containerized systems are widely used in modern software engineering.
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PM-06- Keystone Project with Java
Module code:900102-000-00-PM-06 NQF Level: 4 Credits: 8 Module Summary This practical module provides learners with the opportunity to complete a comprehensive Keystone Project using the Java programming language. Learners will apply all the programming knowledge and practical skills acquired throughout the qualification to design, develop, test, and execute real-world Java applications. The module focuses on practical implementation of: * core Java programming, * arrays and objects, * conditions and loops, * GUI development, * game development, * and complete Java application solutions using frameworks and environments of the learner’s choice. Learners will complete practical exercises, build an operable Java game, and develop a contextual GUI-based solution within a selected sector such as: * retail, * healthcare, * IoT, * cloud computing, * mobile development, * or network systems. The module prepares learners for real-world software development environments by strengthening problem-solving abilities, practical development experience, creativity, and application deployment skills using Java technologies and frameworks.
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Java Programmer Skills Programme

3.1 Lesson Outcomes

After completing this lesson, learners will be able to:

  • Define abstract classes in Java.
  • Create abstract methods.
  • Extend abstract classes.
  • Override abstract methods.
  • Apply abstraction principles in Java applications.

3.2 Overview

Abstract classes are special classes that cannot be instantiated directly. They are used as base classes for inheritance and may contain both:

  • abstract methods,
  • and concrete methods.

Abstract methods do not contain implementation and must be overridden by subclasses.

This lesson introduces learners to practical abstraction concepts in Java programming.

Abstract classes are important in:

  • object-oriented programming,
  • software architecture,
  • inheritance,
  • and reusable application design.

Understanding abstract classes is important because abstraction is one of the core principles of object-oriented programming.


PA1101 — Create an Abstract Class

Abstract classes are declared using the abstract keyword.

Java Example:

abstract class Animal {

}

Practical Activity

Learners must:

  • create abstract classes,
  • apply correct syntax,
  • and save Java source files correctly.

PA1102 — Declare Abstract Methods

Abstract methods do not contain implementation.

Java Example:

abstract class Animal {

abstract void makeSound();

}

Practical Activity

Learners must:

  • declare abstract methods,
  • use correct method syntax,
  • and identify abstract behaviour.

PA1103 — Create Concrete Methods in an Abstract Class

Abstract classes may also contain normal methods.

Java Example:

abstract class Animal {

void sleep() {

System.out.println(“Sleeping”);

}

}

Practical Activity

Learners must:

  • create concrete methods,
  • display method output,
  • and combine abstract and normal methods.

PA1104 — Extend an Abstract Class

Subclasses inherit from abstract classes using extends.

Java Example:

class Dog extends Animal {

void makeSound() {

System.out.println(“Bark”);

}

}

Practical Activity

Learners must:

  • create subclasses,
  • extend abstract classes,
  • and override abstract methods.

PA1105 — Override Abstract Methods

Abstract methods must be implemented in subclasses.

Java Example:

class Cat extends Animal {

void makeSound() {

System.out.println(“Meow”);

}

}

Practical Activity

Learners must:

  • override abstract methods,
  • display subclass behaviour,
  • and test method execution.

PA1106 — Instantiate Subclasses

Abstract classes cannot be instantiated directly.

Java Example:

Dog dog = new Dog();

dog.makeSound();

Practical Activity

Learners must:

  • instantiate subclasses,
  • call overridden methods,
  • and display object output.

PA1107 — Create Complete Abstract Class Program

Abstract classes are used in complete object-oriented applications.

Java Example:

abstract class Animal {

abstract void makeSound();

void sleep() {

System.out.println(“Sleeping”);

}

}

class Dog extends Animal {

void makeSound() {

System.out.println(“Bark”);

}

}

public class AbstractExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Dog dog = new Dog();

dog.makeSound();

dog.sleep();

}

}

Importance of Abstract Classes

Abstract classes support:

  • abstraction,
  • inheritance,
  • reusable code,
  • and scalable software design.

3.5 Key Notes / Summary

  • Abstract classes cannot be instantiated directly.
  • Abstract methods do not contain implementation.
  • Subclasses override abstract methods.
  • Abstract classes support inheritance and abstraction.
  • Abstract classes may contain normal methods.
  • Abstraction improves software structure and flexibility.
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