Purpose of the lesson
Compare transport requirements with warehouse picking plans, identify stock and capacity constraints, and realign picking and replenishment schedules to support approved customer deliveries.
Practical outcome
By the end of this lesson, you must be able to:
- Compare transport-route and picking plans.
- Identify and record schedule variances.
- Assess warehouse capacity.
- Identify stock shortages.
- Realign picking activities around available stock and resources.
- Realign stock-replenishment orders with revised picking requirements.
- Communicate and monitor approved schedule changes.
1. Gather the required information
Obtain:
- Current transport and delivery schedule
- Approved route plan
- Customer-service priority list
- Existing picking plan
- Actual picking-progress report
- Stock-on-hand report
- Stock-allocation report
- Replenishment schedule
- Supplier and production-order status
- Picker and shift availability
- Picking productivity standards
- Equipment availability
- Staging and loading-bay capacity
- Warehouse operating calendar
- Current exception reports
Ensure that all reports have the same cut-off date.
2. Compare the transport plan with the picking plan
For each transport route, confirm:
- Route and vehicle number
- Departure date and time
- Customer orders allocated
- SKUs and quantities
- Required loading sequence
- Planned picking start and completion times
- Actual picking progress
- Staging location
- Order status
Route departure
↑
Loading completion
↑
Staging and checking
↑
Picking completion
↑
Stock availability
A picking task must be completed early enough to support checking, staging and loading before departure.
Plan-comparison template
| Route | Order | Required quantity | Required picking completion | Planned completion | Actual status | Variance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R01 | ORD-101 | 500 | 06:00 | 05:30 | Complete | None |
| R02 | ORD-102 | 400 | 07:00 | 06:30 | 250 picked | 150 units short |
3. Identify schedule variances
Record differences such as:
- Picking starts late.
- Picking finishes after the loading deadline.
- Actual quantities differ from the route plan.
- Orders are assigned to the wrong route.
- Products are staged in the wrong area.
- Delivery priorities have changed.
- Required equipment is unavailable.
- Stock has not reached the picking location.
- Vehicle-departure times have changed.
- Loading capacity is insufficient.
Use:
Quantity variance = Actual picked quantity − Planned quantity
Time variance = Actual or expected completion time − Planned completion time
4. Create a variance register
| Reference | Planned result | Actual result | Variance | Cause | Operational effect | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ORD-102 | 400 units by 06:30 | 250 units available | −150 units | Stock shortage | Route R02 delayed | Split order |
| R03 | Load by 08:00 | Bay available at 09:00 | +1 hour | Bay congestion | Late departure | Reallocate bay |
Prioritise variances that threaten:
- High-priority customers
- Early departures
- Contractual delivery commitments
- Safety
- Product integrity
- Several downstream activities
5. Assess warehouse capacity
Compare the revised workload with the available resources.
Labour capacity
Available labour hours = Number of employees × Available working hours
If four pickers are available for five hours:
Available labour hours = 4 × 5 = 20 hours
Required labour hours = Units to pick ÷ Standard picking rate
If 2,400 units must be picked at 100 units per labour hour:
Required labour hours = 2,400 ÷ 100 = 24 hours
The warehouse has a shortfall of four labour hours.
Equipment capacity
Confirm the availability and suitability of:
- Forklifts
- Reach trucks
- Pallet jacks
- Scanners
- Trolleys
- Packing equipment
- Loading equipment
Facility capacity
Check:
- Picking locations
- Aisle congestion
- Packing stations
- Staging space
- Loading bays
- Receiving bays
- Yard capacity
- Storage space
- Cold or secure areas
6. Identify stock shortages
For each picking requirement, calculate:
Picking shortfall = Quantity required − Quantity available for picking
Do not count stock that is:
- Damaged
- Quarantined
- Reserved for another confirmed order
- Still being produced
- Unconfirmed in transit
- Located where it cannot be transferred before picking
Stock-shortage register
| SKU | Required | Available | Shortfall | Expected receipt | Affected order | Priority |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SKU-01 | 600 | 450 | 150 | 10:00 | ORD-102 | 2 |
7. Determine the effect on customer deliveries
For every shortage or capacity constraint:
- Identify affected orders.
- Confirm customer priorities.
- Check the transport departure time.
- Determine the quantity that can be completed.
- Establish when the outstanding quantity will become available.
- Identify alternative stock or resources.
- Notify the responsible functions.
- Record the proposed schedule change.
Possible effects include:
- Partial delivery
- Delayed dispatch
- Revised route
- Vehicle underutilisation
- Customer back order
- Overtime or additional shift
- Increased handling or transport cost
8. Realign the picking schedule
Revise the picking sequence according to:
- Customer priority
- Route departure time
- Stock availability
- Replenishment timing
- Employee availability
- Equipment availability
- Staging and bay capacity
- Product-handling requirements
Possible actions include:
- Pick a priority order first.
- Delay an order awaiting replenishment.
- Split an order into available and outstanding quantities.
- Move trained employees between picking zones.
- Assign alternative equipment.
- Combine compatible picking work into a wave.
- Change staging or loading-bay allocation.
- Coordinate a revised vehicle-departure time.
Realigned picking schedule
| Priority | Route | Order | SKU | Quantity | Revised start | Revised completion | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | R01 | ORD-101 | SKU-01 | 500 | 04:30 | 05:30 | Pick first |
| 2 | R02 | ORD-102A | SKU-01 | 250 | 05:30 | 06:00 | Partial order |
| 2 | R04 | ORD-102B | SKU-01 | 150 | 10:30 | 11:00 | Pick after receipt |
Check that every revised completion time still supports staging, loading and dispatch.
9. Realign stock-replenishment orders
Update replenishment requirements to support the revised picking plan.
For each shortage:
- Confirm the outstanding quantity.
- Review existing supplier or production orders.
- Confirm the required-at-warehouse time.
- Check supplier or production capacity.
- Expedite or revise the order where authorised.
- Adjust delivery and receiving bookings.
- Link the replenishment order to the affected picking task.
- Monitor it until stock becomes available.
Realigned replenishment schedule
| Replenishment order | SKU | Quantity | Original receipt | Required receipt | Source | Affected picking task |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| REP-201 | SKU-01 | 150 | 12:00 | 09:30 | Production | ORD-102B |
Do not expedite replenishment without checking receiving capacity and the effect on other operations.
10. Coordinate inbound and outbound activities
A revised replenishment delivery may compete with customer dispatches for:
- Dock space
- Employees
- Equipment
- Staging areas
- Yard access
- System-processing capacity
Update the dock and resource schedule to prevent conflicts.
| Time | Bay 1 | Bay 2 | Equipment allocation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 05:00–06:00 | Load R01 | Load R02 | Forklift—outbound |
| 09:00–10:30 | Receive REP-201 | Available | Forklift—inbound |
| 11:00–12:00 | Load R04 | Receive Supplier B | Shared under controlled schedule |
11. Approve and communicate the revised plan
Communicate:
- Original and revised picking times
- Orders and routes affected
- Stock shortages
- Revised replenishment dates
- Resource reallocations
- Required actions
- Responsible persons
- Escalation requirements
Notify:
- Inventory control
- Transport
- Customer service
- Production
- Procurement
- Receiving and dispatch teams
- Affected supervisors
Obtain approval before releasing material changes.
12. Monitor execution
Track:
- Replenishment receipts
- Stock put-away
- Picking start and completion
- Quantities picked
- Order checking
- Staging readiness
- Vehicle loading
- Dispatch
- Outstanding quantities
- New variances
Update the variance and constraint registers until all exceptions are resolved or formally escalated.
Practical task
You are provided with delivery schedules, customer priorities, picking plans, stock information and warehouse constraints.
Complete the following:
- Compare the transport plan with the picking plan.
- Identify all schedule and quantity variances.
- Create a variance register.
- Calculate the available warehouse labour capacity.
- Identify equipment, staging and loading constraints.
- Identify stock shortages.
- Determine the effect on customer deliveries.
- Realign the picking schedule according to customer priorities.
- Realign replenishment orders with the revised picking plan.
- Coordinate inbound and outbound resource requirements.
- Submit the approved revised schedules.
Required evidence
Include the following in your Portfolio of Evidence:
- Original transport plan
- Original picking plan
- Plan-comparison schedule
- Variance register
- Labour-capacity calculations
- Equipment and facility-capacity assessment
- Stock-shortage register
- Initial and realigned picking schedules
- Realigned stock-replenishment schedule
- Revised dock or resource schedule
- Communication and approval records
- Monitoring or progress report
- Completed observation checklist
- Learner declaration of authenticity
Competence checklist
| Assessment criterion | Competent | Not yet competent | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Compare the transport plan with the picking plan | |||
| Identify and record schedule variances | |||
| Identify warehouse-capacity constraints | |||
| Calculate available labour capacity | |||
| Identify stock shortages accurately | |||
| Determine the effect on customer deliveries | |||
| Realign picking schedules around shortages and constraints | |||
| Apply customer priorities correctly | |||
| Realign replenishment orders with picking requirements | |||
| Coordinate inbound and outbound resources | |||
| Communicate and monitor approved revisions | |||
| Submit complete supporting evidence |
Lesson Summary
To coordinate warehouse and facility schedules, compare the transport plan with current picking activities and record every timing, quantity and resource variance. Assess labour, equipment, staging and loading capacity, then identify stock shortages and their effect on customer deliveries. Realign picking according to customer priorities, route deadlines and available resources, and revise replenishment orders to support the new plan. Coordinate inbound and outbound operations, communicate approved changes and monitor execution until all variances are resolved.